【Objective】The F1 hybrid purity of eggplant was identified and analyzed，in order to provide reference for improving cross breeding efficiency of eggplant. 【Method】The SSR molecular marker technology was used to identify hybrid purity and analyse genetic relationship for F1 hybrids of Solanum melongena×Solanum melongena reciprocal-crossing combination and S. integrifolium×S. melongena combination. 【Result】The results showed that 15 pairs of SSR primers were screened out from 124 pairs of SSR primers， which could stably amplify clear differential bands between parents. As to 210 plants of F1 hybrids， 208 plants were identified as true hybrid， with hybrid rate of 99.0%， and this result was consistent with investigation result of characters in the field. In addition， the F1 hybrids of S. melongena×S. melongena reciprocal-crossing combination had closer genetic relationship with parents with subtle difference. However， the F1 hybrids of S. integrifolium×S. melongena combination had rather distant genetic relationship with male parent， which preferred to maternal inheritance. 【Conclusion】The SSR molecular marker technology is rapid and accurate， which can be used to identify eggplant hybrid. Furthermore， the SSR molecular marker can be used as an auxiliary means to breed improved hybrid varieties.