【Objective】The competitiveness in river crab aquaculture in Jiangsu Province was evaluated to provide a reference for upgrading Jiangsu river crab aquaculture across-the-board. 【Method】The competitiveness as analyzed amongst 15 provinces（municipalities）using factor analysis based on the established competitiveness evaluation index system of river crab aquaculture. 【Result】Out of the 15 provinces (municipalities)， the competitiveness of river crab aquaculture in Jiangsu Province was ranked No.1. In terms of crab aquaculture competitiveness， the most crucial factor was resource， followed by production capability and development potential. Weight of the above three main factors was almost the same， meaning that they were equally important for crab aquaculture competitiveness in Jiangsu. 【Suggestion】The competitiveness of river crab aquaculture in Jiangsu Province could be enhanced by developing three above mentioned factors in following ways: establishing extension institutes of aquaculture technology and aquaculture demonstration farms by government-funding agencies； enhancing development of regional aquaculture to promote the development of aquaculture processing companies and aquaculture cold storage， as well extending advanced aquaculture cultivation technology， strengthening quality supervision and giving importance to production and marketing of river crab offspring seed， advertising crab culture as well as developing crab processing industry.