【Objective】A comprehensive survey was carried out to investigate the adverse effects of the severe frost and long durational cold weather from 16 December 2010 to January 2011 on sugarcane production in Guangxi. 【Method】General investigation， statistical data collection and field investigation were combined for the survey which covered the sugarcane growing areas in Laibin， Liuzhou and Hechi cities where are located in the central and northwestern Guangxi. 【Result】The statistical area from 11 counties investigated showed that about 203.25 thousand hectares（kha） of sugarcane crops were injured or damaged， and 97.43 kha of the crops were seriously damaged， accounting for 70.2% and 33.6% of the total sugarcane growing area（289.65 kha）， respectively， and mainly in Liucheng， Rong'an， Rongshui， Loucheng， Wuxuan and Xiangzhou counties， and Xingbin district. The adverse effects on sugarcane varieties ROC22 and Taiyou were most serious， and the crops were deadly damaged in most areas， especially ROC22. For the damaged plants， the leaves were dried up and curled over， and the growing points and buds were destroyed， and the longitudinal section of the cane tissue looked water-logged with liquor smell. Compared to ROC22 and/or Taiyou， however， the injury or damage was much lighter for the sugarcane varieties GT21， GT28 (GTCP00-122)， GT29， GT30， GF98-296， GT97-69， GT02-208， GT02-901， GT02-467， etc.， indicating much stronger cold resistance. 【Conclusion】The cold resistant sugarcane varieties such as GT21， GT28， GT02-208， GT02-901， etc.， should be extended to replace the cold sensitive variety ROC22 in the central and northwestern Guangxi sugarcane growing areas. Comprehensive warming measures such as plastic film coverage， trash coverage， application of organic manures and vinasse are suggested. Priority on harvesting the deadly damaged cane crops and milling the canes as quickly as possible is strongly recommended to minimize the loss caused by the frost and chilling damage